BUREAUCRACY
In contemporary India, the socialisation of administrators in the
family, the university and the organisation tends to make them psychopathic.
The public bureaucracy provides support to the ruling class, politically as
well as economically: its expansion helps to create effective demand for
durable consumer goods produced by the monopoly and oligopoly sector. The
bureaucratisation of education results in universities which are hollow shells,
without the kernel of scholarship. They only help to maintain and legitimise
the existing order, not to induce change. Industrial organisations also do not
support research and development; they deepen national dependency.
Bureaucratisation mainly fulfils private interests through the exploitation of
the vast majority.
According to Encyclopedia of Britannica "Bureaucracy is a body of
professional, full time officials employed in the civil affairs of a state in
non-political capacity".
In Indian context bureaucracy, who emphasized
on maintenance of law and order and generation of revenue has failed to fulfill
developmental functions.
It has generally been criticized as an
authoritarian organization which emphasized on monopolization of power. It has
also been criticized for its elitist background. It has been assumed that
members of bureaucracy who are urbane in outlook cannot sympathize with
problems of rural people.
. Indian bureaucracy has also been criticized
for its lack of commitment to developmental needs and programs. While
development calls for progressiveness and dynamism on the part of bureaucracy,
bureaucracy always took shelter under conservative neutrality.
The first concrete
effort to study the bureaucracy in a systematic manner was made by Max Weber, a
German sociologist who was known father of “ideal type” of bureaucracy.
Weber mentioned three
main features of bureaucracy i.e. Division of Labour and Specialization, Legal
Frame Work, Principle of Hierarchy. But Max Weber’s model of bureaucracy which
is highly rational and technical is not suitable to explain the administrative
system and their working in developing countries who are engaged in new task of
rural development
The present bureaucracy in these
less developed nations has emerged from the British colonial system. After
attaining political independence the scope of functions of government and
bureaucracy have undergone a fundamental change
it has been observed that the
ability of bureaucratic system to carry out planned programme of socioeconomic
development has been limited, partly due to lack of commitment to the ultimate
goals of society and partly due to its inability to mobilize enough public
support for development programmes .
References:
·
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/bureaucracy
·
www.britannica.com