Means enhancing a job by adding more meaningful tasks and duties to make
the work more rewarding or satisfying. This was popularized by Herzberg who
highlighted the motivational needs of employees like self-fulfillment and
self-esteem.This is for long-term satisfaction and performance goals.
Job enrichment, or vertical expansion of jobs, may be accomplished by
increasing the autonomy and responsibility of employees.
Hertzberg described 5 factors for enriching jobs and motivating
employees:
- Achievement
- Recognition
- Growth
- Responsibility
- Performance of the whole jobs instead of of only parts of the job
Managers were expected to
enrich the jobs in terms of the following.
-increasing the level
of difficulty and responsibility of the job
-allowing employees to
retain more authority and control over work outcomes
-providing unit and
individual job performance directly to employees
-adding new tasks to
the jobs that require training and growth
-assigning individuals
specific tasks to enable them to become experts.
The above factors
enable
(a) Greater role in the decision-making process
(b) More involved in Planning, Organizing,
Directing and Controlling
(c) May be accomplished by formation of teams for
self-management
JE is not a solution
to problems of pay or benefits dissatisfaction,or employee security
Moreover its not that
all employees are dissatisfied with mechanical work on the assembly line and
its not that all employees seek responsibility and challenge in their jobs as
they like their minds to wander while they work.